Electronic components are basic electronic element or electronic parts usually packaged in a discrete form with two or more connecting leads or metallic pads.

Electronic Components are intended to be connected together, usually by soldering to a printed circuit board (PCB), to create an electronic circuit with a particular function (for example an amplifier, radio receiver, oscillator, wireless). Some of the main Electronic Components are: resistor, capacitor, transistor, diode, operational amplifier, resistor array, logic gate etc.

Types of Electronic Components

Electronic Components are of 2 types: Active and Passive Electronic Components.

• Passive electronic components are those that do not have gain or directionality. They are also called Electrical elements or electrical components. e.g. resistors, capacitors, diodes, Inductors.
• Active components are those that have gain or directionality. e.g. transistors, integrated circuits or ICs, logic gates.

Electronic Components and Their Functions

1. Terminals and Connectors: Components to make electrical connection.
2. Resistors: Components used to resist current.
3. Switches: Components that may be made to either conduct (closed) or not (open).
4. Capacitors: Components that store electrical charge in an electrical field.
5. Magnetic or Inductive Components: These are Electrical components that use magnetism.
6. Network Components: Components that use more than 1 type of Passive Component.
7. Piezoelectric devices, crystals, resonators: Passive components that use piezoelectric. effect.
8. Semiconductors: Electronic control components with no moving parts.
9. Diodes: Components that conduct electricity in only one direction.
10. Transistors: A semiconductor device capable of amplification.
11. Integrated Circuits or ICs: A microelectronic computer electronic circuit incorporated into a chip or semiconductor; a whole system rather than a single component

Electronic Components Abbreviations

Here is a list of Electronic Component name abbreviations widely used in the electronics industry:

Capacitor

• AE: aerial, antenna
• B: battery
• BR: bridge rectifier
• C: capacitor
• CRT: cathode ray tube
• D or CR: diode
• F: fuse
• GDT: gas discharge tube
• IC: integrated circuit
• J: wire link
• JFET: junction gate field-effect transistor
• L: inductor
• LCD: Liquid crystal display
• LDR: light dependent resistor
• LED: light emitting diode
• LS: speaker
• M: motor
• MCB: circuit breaker
  

  Diode

• Mic: microphone
• Ne: neon lamp
• OP: Operational Amplifier
• PCB: printed circuit board
• PU: pickup
• Q: transistor
• R: resistor
• RLA: RY: relay
• SCR: silicon controlled rectifier
• FET: field effect transistor
• MOSFET: Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
• TFT: thin film transistor(display)
• VLSI: very large scale integration
  

  Integrated Circuit (IC)

• DSP: digital signal processor
• SW: switch
• T: transformer
• TH: thermistor
• TP: test point
• Tr: transistor
• U:integrated circuit
• V: valve (tube)
• VC: variable capacitor
• VFD: vacuum fluorescent display
• VR: variable resistor
• X: crystal, ceramic resonator
• XMER: transformer
• XTAL: crystal
• Z: zener diode

Electronic Companies (Manufacturers, Suppliers and Exporters):

1. Allied Electronics : List and details of all Actives and Passive Electronic Components.
   

   Inductors

    

2. Electronics Design World: Electronic components distributor Newark offers semiconductors, passives, interconnects, electromechanical, power source, specialty products, test and measurement equipment.
3. PartNumber.com – Free part utility to assign part numbers: An applet that assigns intelligent (significant) part numbers to components in electronic products.
   

   Resistors

    

4. Electronic Components Database – otxi.com: Online Technology Exchange, Inc.Electronic Component Distributor for Obsolete, Hard to Find, discontinued Integrated Circuits and Semiconductors. Providing an online parts search component database.
5. TOYO COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT CO. LTD., Japan: Manufacturers and Suppliers of: Synthetic Quartz Crystals & Crystal Blanks, Microprocessor use/High Stability Ultra-Miniature & Surface
   

   Transistors

   Mount Type Crystals, HCM-Filters for Mobile/Cordless Telephones, Paging Receivers & other Communication Systems, SPXO / TCXO / DTCXO & OCXO Type Crystal Oscillators, Saw Devices upto 1-GHz

6. NIC COMPONENTS CORPORATION, U.S.A./Japan: Manufacturers and Suppliers of: Multi-Layer Ceramic Chip Capacitors, Chip Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors, Chip Resistors/Resistor Networks, SMT Thermistors /Inductors / Varistors,
   

   Logic Gates

   Tantalum Chip Capacitors, Metallized Polyester Film Capacitor Chips, Leaded Miniature Electrolytic / Tantalum Capacitors, Ferrite Beads & Rectifier Diodes

7. RCD COMPONENTS, U.S.A. : Manufacturers and Suppliers of: Surface Mount Products, Chip Resistors, SIP-Networks & Active/Passive-Delay Lines, Resistor Network in Surface Mount, SIP/DIP packages, Wire-Wound Resistors, Resistance Standards, Carbon-Film, Metal Film & Metal Oxide Resistors, Special Purpose High Precision Resistors, Inductive Products/ Delay Lines, Surface Mount Ceramic Chip Capacitors, Surface Mount Tantalum Chip Capacitors
8. RARA ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, Korea: Manufacturers and Suppliers of: Wire Wound Resistors, Power Film Resistors, RF Resistors, Current Sensing Resistors, Precision Resistors, High Voltage Resistors
9. MEGAPHASE LLC, U.S.A. : Manufacturers and Suppliers of: TM Series Cables, VN Series Cables, Series 1 & 2 Cables, Series 3 & 5 Cables, Series 7 Cables, Jump Shot Coaxial Jumper Cables, 75-Ohm Site Line Test Cables, CM Series Test Cable, SF Series Test Cables, Site Line Field & Production Test Cable: SL Series, TM Series Bench Test Cables, Semi-Rigid Cable Assemblies, Micro-Miniature Semi-Rigid Cable Assemblies

Video: Mobile Cell Phone Parts and Components and Their Function

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